Spain: visa and entry rules
What you need to get in, how long you may stay, and what an overstay costs
Spain's borders: every crossing point
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Spain's land border crossings, listed by the neighbour they lead to:
With France, Portugal and Andorra the borders are internal ones inside the Schengen area, with no permanent checks.
With Morocco - through Ceuta and Melilla. These Spanish cities lie on the African shore, and the crossings there lead straight from Morocco into the EU. The checks are full ones, and these are the European Union's only land gateways in Africa.
With Gibraltar - La Linea, the crossing into the British overseas territory outside the Schengen area.
By sea to Morocco there are ferries from Algeciras to Tanger Med and from Tarifa to Tangier.
The ferry link with Morocco is a working route for drivers, and it is the way people get into Spain with a car.
Driving to Spain
The practical options are the ferry from Morocco or renting a car once you are in Europe.
A Green Card is compulsory.
An International Driving Permit is needed only if your licence was issued outside the EU and the EEA; a licence from an EU or EEA country is valid as it is.
Madrid and Barcelona have low-emission zones that restrict access for older, more polluting vehicles.
Travelling to Spain with a pet
The rules are the same throughout the EU.
An ISO-standard microchip is compulsory and is implanted BEFORE the rabies vaccination.
The rabies vaccination may not be given before the animal is 12 weeks old, and 21 days must pass after it before entry.
A rabies antibody titre test is required only for pets from a country not on the EU's approved list. The US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and the UK are on the list, so this does not apply to pets travelling from those countries; Russia is one of the countries it does apply to. A three-month wait then applies before entry.
An EU veterinary certificate is needed.
No more than five animals per person.
Overstaying your visa in Spain
The violation is recorded across the whole Schengen area.
The main consequence is a refusal of your next visa.
An entry ban for a significant overstay applies to the entire zone.
The count is kept across the whole of Schengen at once.
What else to check before you go
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Entry rules change faster than anything else on this site, and they change without notice. We cross-check every page against several sources and state the date it was verified, but that does not replace the main step: before you travel, check an official source — the country’s consulate, its immigration service or its e-visa portal. Especially if more than a couple of months have passed since our check.