
The white-stone fortress on the hill above the Kazanka is the oldest part of the city. After the fall of Kazan in 1552 the walls and towers were laid anew by masters from Pskov, and the Cathedral of the Annunciation appeared inside at the same time. The leaning Syuyumbike Tower was added to the ensemble later, and the Kul Sharif Mosque in our own day. The kremlin was placed on the UNESCO World Heritage list in 2000.
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